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Riverside City College
humanities 18: death
fall 2009: Section 47918

This headstone, from Olivewood cemetery in Riverside, includes both the Christian cross and Chinese characters.

The music you hear is from Schubert's Earlking, a song about the death of a child.

Olivewood headstone

Dr. Richard Mahon
Quad 23F, (951) 222-8862 
email:
richard.mahon@rcc.edu 
web support:
http://faculty.rcc.edu/mahon/
office hours:
M 5-6; T/Th 1-3 & by appointment
texts:
The Epic of Gilgamesh
Leo Tolstoy,
The Death of Ivan Ilych
Ken Kramer,
The Sacred Art of Dying
Plato,
Five Dialogues
Philippe Aries,
Western Attitudes Toward Death
Philip Gourevitch, We wish to inform you . . .
Jared Diamond, Collapse

Course Description

This topic is the perfect subject for a humanities class: death is something everyone cares about, it can be studied from many different perspectives, and admits no “correct” answer to the questions people ask about it. This course combines texts from mythology, literature, religious traditions, philosophy, literature, personal memoir, and intellectual history to discover the ways different cultures have thought about death. This will not be a psychology class about the stages of death and dying. Though there are several books, the amount of reading is manageable; it is imperative that you complete the reading before the class meeting for which it is assigned. By the end of the course, successful students will be able to

• Analyze and compare the interpretations of death provided by both Asian and Western religious traditions;

• Analyze and compare evolving cultural understandings of death in western culture;

• Analyze and interpret how art, literature, and music address the problem of death in a broader aesthetic context;

• Appraise contemporary understandings of death in a broader cultural and historical perspective.


Prerequisite & Workload

While there is no prerequisite for this course, all formal requirements of this section require good reading and writing skills, and eligibility for English 1A would be a distinct advantage—having completed English 1A would be better still. As you will see, there is a fair amount of reading for this course. College courses assume that the student will spend two hours outside of class for each hour in class—thus students should expect to spend 7 hours preparing for class each week. I have organized the reading and writing requirements of the course so that you should be able to remain within these boundaries.


Format

Though there are a number of topics on which I will provide background information that will help you make sense of the texts, death is also a subject with which almost every person in the class will have some experience. Hence I assume that we will also spend a significant amount of time discussing the reading and our reactions to them in light of experience. The readings will prompt a variety of kinds of responses: emotional, spiritual, intellectual. Some of the texts may discuss difficult subjects (genocide, human extinction); you should try to think through your reactions to what we read and be prepared to describe the complexity of the effect of these books on you.


Quizzes

We will begin each week with a quiz whose intent is to “encourage” you to keep up with the reading, so it is important that you come on time. The quizzes will ask questions about broad themes from the week’s reading. Each quiz will pose two short answer questions, both of which will be graded 0, 1, or 2, with the total aver¬aged. You must average one point per quiz to pass the class. There will be no make-ups for quizzes; if you can’t help missing a quiz and wish to make it up, I will have you write something in lieu (for a point) of up to two quizzes if you inform me ahead of time (via email or voicemail if necessary). The two students with the highest quiz total at the end of the semester earn an “A” in the class without needing to write the final essay, provided they have met all earlier course requirements. I may drop students who miss any two consecutive quizzes. Leaving before the end of class may result in your not receiving credit for that day’s quiz.


Essays

Students will write four 5-page interpretive essays. The first essay, on Gilgamesh, will be due September 21. The second essay, on religious attitudes toward death, will be due October 19. The third essay, on attitudes toward death in western culture, will be due November 16. The final essay, on Rwanda and/or AIDS will be due on December 14. Each essays is worth 100 points, for a total of 400 points. End of term grades are assigned as follows: ≥ 90%, A; ≥ 80% B; ≥ 70% C; ≥ 60% D; < 60% F. I anticipate providing more guidance on topics, but what follows will give you a preliminary idea of the kinds of topics you'll be writing about. Plagiarism (cheating) on any course requirement is grounds for failing the course. You must submit the first essay to remain in the class thereafter.

1st essay: What do we learn about life and death in The Epic of Gilgamesh? What theme most stands out to you? Is it the unfairness of Enkidu's death? Is it Gilgamesh' quest for immortality? Is it the failure of Gilgamesh's quest? Is it a failure? Does Gilgamesh live on after his death in his city or in the memory provided by the story?

2nd essay: Discuss how two different religious perspectives (from at least two different weeks) might have changed how Ivan Ilich met his approaching death. How would his views toward his career, family, health, or the meaning of life itself have changed? Could he have adopted any of the religious views we’ve studied without making fundamental changes in his life? Be sure to distinguish between different versions of similar traditions (Native American, Buddhist, Christian, etc.). How would these beliefs have affected his life views about how life should be lived and what happens after death.

3rd essay: Philippe Ariès describes a steady evolution of attitudes toward death? If you had to introduce a cultural conviction regarding one thing (an idea, practice, ritual, etc.) from our earlier readings to "improve" contemporary attitudes, what would that idea be? What difference would it make? Incorporate earlier readings as appropriate (this can include earlier chapters in Ariès or earlier texts).

4th essay: Both We wish to inform you… and Collapse raise the problem of death as a public and not just a private problem. How do genocide or the prospect of the collapse of entire human societies shape our attitudes toward life and/or death?

essays should be five (or more) numbered pages, typed (double-space), spell-checked, proofread. If you use quotations you must cite them properly (I am not fussy about which academic convention you use). Failure to number pages, cite quotes, or spell-check will result in the reduction of your grade by 3 points each. Cheating on any course requirement is grounds for your failing the course.

finally, students with documented disabilities that might impact on their performance in this course should speak with me or contact Disabled Student Services at 222-8060.
week of reading schedule
Aug. 31
class introduction

Sept. 14

Mythological Perspectives on Death
Ken Kramer, Preface, Beginning, chap. 1, 7
The Epic of Gilgamesh
Jonathan Swift, Gulliver's Travels (excerpt/handout)
Augustine, Confessions (excerpt/handout)

Sept. 21
essay due

Leo Tolstoy, The Death of Ivan Ilych
suggested viewing: Magnolia

Sept. 28

Religious Perspectives on Death
Native American & Chinese Perspectives
Kramer, 6, 12
Louise Erdrich, The Legend of Potchikoo (handout)
suggested viewing: Last of His Tribe; The Joy Luck Club

Oct. 5

Hindu & Buddhist Perspectives
Kramer, 2-5
suggested viewing: Kundun, Mahabharata

Oct. 12

Jewish, Christian, Muslim Perspectives
Kramer, 9-11
suggested viewing: Defending Your Life

Oct. 19
essay due

Greek/Philosophical Perspectives on Death
Kramer, 8; Plato, Phaedo
Odyssey, Antigone, Plato, The Republic, “The Myth of Er” (all in handout)
suggested viewing: What Dreams May Come

Oct. 26

Historical Perspectives on Death
Aries, Western Attitudes Toward Death 1, 2
suggested viewing: The Name of the Rose, The Seventh Seal

Nov. 2

Aries, Western Attitudes Toward Death, 3, 4
suggested viewing: Doctor; Patch Adams, Flatliners; Six Feet Under

Nov. 9
essay due

Social & Political Perspectives on Death
Philip Gourevitch, We wish to inform you…, pp. 1-171
suggested viewing: Hotel Rwanda

Nov. 16

Philip Gourevitch, We wish to inform you…, pp/ 175-end
suggested viewing: Europa, Europa

Nov. 23

Jared Diamond, Collapse, pages tba
Nov. 30
Jared Diamond, Collapse, pages tba

Dec. 7

Jared Diamond, Collapse, pages tba
Dec. 14
final essay due, 6-7, Quad 23F

Send mail to richard.mahon@rcc.edu with questions or comments about this web site.